| Primary job | Reduces heat loss by reflecting body heat and blocking some wind. | Provides active heat to hands, pockets or gloves. |
| Best UK use case | Car breakdowns, first aid, outdoor delays, shock, hypothermia risk and cold waiting. | Cold commutes, winter walks, outdoor events, glovebox kits and people with poor circulation. |
| Runtime | Works as long as it stays wrapped around the person and is not torn away by wind. | Disposable packs usually last several hours; rechargeable warmers depend on charge and heat setting. |
| Coverage | Covers much of the body and is most useful around the torso. | Targets a small area, usually hands or sometimes boots. |
| Storage | Very flat, cheap and long-lived, so it belongs in almost every bag and car kit. | Still compact, but disposable packs need expiry checks and rechargeable models need charging. |
| Limitations | Can feel flimsy, noisy and awkward in wind; it does not generate heat on its own. | Will not fix an under-dressed core or protect someone from wind and wet conditions. |